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THE HISTORICAL SITE

Before you read anything,
please READ THIS.
We spent a huge amount of effort on this project, so Mrs Sew, please be generous with your marks :)

OUR RESEARCHER:
Chandragupta I
INFORMATION ABOUT HIM
Chandragupta I was born in 305 A.D.
Many historians regarded Chandragupta I as the dynasty's founder, while others challenged this notion. They believed that his grandfather, Sri Gupta, was the real founder who built the kingdom in 240 A.D. Though the academics may never find substantial enough evidence to solve the mystery, they all unanimously agree that Chandragupta I was the one who really made a name for the Gupta dynasty.

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THE HISTORIANS
[x] Group Leader: SHERMIN CHAN (2)
[x] IT Specialist: AISHWARYA AWASTHI (1)
[x] IT Specialist : NUR YAISYAH (18)
[x] Editor: SITI NURBUWWAH (26)

Class: 1E4 <3
School: Tanjong Katong Girls'

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Tuesday, August 28, 2007

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final submission
29/8/07
group four.

the evidence was found @ 7:03 PM

Monday, August 13, 2007

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GOLDEN AGE

GOLDEN AGE

Gupta age - It refers to the period when most of North India was reunited under the Gupta Empire (ca. A.D. 320-550). Because of peace, law and order, and cultural achievements during this period, it has been described as a "Golden Age" that formed what is generally known as Hindu culture, with all its variety, opposition, and synthesis. The golden age was restricted to the north, and the classical patterns began to spread towards the south only after the Gupta Empire had vanished from the historical scene. Even though the Gupta Dynasty declined because of weak rulers and invasions, many of their cultural and intellectual achievements were spread to other cultures and still live on today.

The Gupta Dynasty achieved :

Mathematics and Science:
The Indian numeral system and the decimal system are Indian inventions of this period, though it is known as the Arabic Numerals throughout the world till today. Gupta mathematicians developed the concept of zero in the use of math, and also developed the decimal system based on the number 10.

An astronomer, Aryabhatta, gave calculations of the solar year and the shape and movement of astral bodies with great accuracy. In medicine, two doctors, Charaka and Sushruta, wrote about a fully evolved system, resembling those of Hippocrates and Galen in Greece. Although progress in physiology and biology was hindered by religious injunctions against contact with dead bodies, which discouraged dissection and anatomy, Indian physicians also excelled in pharmacopoeia, caesarean section, bone setting, and skin grafting.

Medicine:
Gupta physicians developed herbal remedies to treat various illnesses. They also developed a form of plastic surgery for the treatment of facial injuries. Physicians vaccinated against smallpox, a practice which was later used in China and Europe.

Arts:
Gupta architectures were dedicated to building stone temples to the Hindu gods. Also, Buddhists built shrines to house the remains of select holy people. These structures were called Stupas. This form of architecture made its way to China where it was improved on slightly and renamed the Pagoda.

Literature:
Gupta literature consists of fables and folktales written in Sanskrit. These stories spread west and became the basis for many Islamic literary works, such as Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves and Aladdin and his Magic Lamp.

Sources: http://regentsprep.org/Regents/global/themes/goldenages/gupta.cfm

the evidence was found @ 6:28 PM

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Information about the People in Gupta Empire

Many famous people came from the Gupta Empire. Examples will be the poets, Kalidasa, Dandi, Visakhadatta, Shudraka and Bahravi. All of them belonged to the Gupta Empire. Many puranas, which means "the tales of ancient times" and shastras were composed and famous commentaries on sacred works appeared. This shows that the people in the Gupta Empire were talented and artistic.

The famous Aryabhata and Varahamihira belonged to the period where books on medicine, veterinary science, mathematics, astronomy and astrophysics were written. Aryabhata is the first in line of great mathematician-astronomers from the classical age. He is also the author of several treatises on mathematics and astronomy. Varahamihira was an Indian astronomer, mathematician and astrologer. These are some important trigonometric results contributed by him :

The chinese monk, Lui Kang , noticed the general prosperity and peace-loving nature of the people when he visited them between AD 399 and 414.

The people in the Gupta Empire was ordered in accordance with Hindu beliefs. They were divided into strict caste system or in other words, the class system of upper and lower classes.

The Gupta period was considered as something like the Golden Age, marked by great achievements in literature, art, music, architecture and philosophy by the people in the Gupta period as they were artistic.

Sources :　http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gupta_Empire
　　　　　　 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purana
　　　　　　 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryabhata
　　　　　　 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varahamihira

the evidence was found @ 6:00 PM

Monday, July 30, 2007

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Geography

GEOGRAPHY

The Gupta Empire was a vast empire spanning from the Thar desert in the west to the mouth of the Ganges Delta in the East. The Gupta Empire was cut off from the world because it was surrounded by the Himalayan Mountains and the Thar Desert.

The Thar desert that is part of the Gupta Empire is a semi-arid desert located in the western parts of the empire.

Gupta homes:
In the villages and towns, homes were mostly one room huts made of wood or bamboo, with thatched roofs. Even the palaces were made of wood. Larger homes had several rooms and balconies.

Gupta villages:
Streets between the homes were narrow and twisted. Stalls for selling things were located on both sides of the street. People mostly walked where they wanted to go inside their village. Villages were very noisy places. Not only were they full of happy, busy people, they were full of animals.

the evidence was found @ 6:36 PM

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Places of interest

One unique place of interest during the Gupta Golden Age:

Baz Bahadur's Palace:

North court yard ,from south

South entrance, from southwest

The main view of the Baz Bahadur's Palace at Mandu in Madhya Pradesh

Situated on the slope of a hill, the main gateway of this palace is approached by forty steps with landings at intervals. The passage through the gateway holds rooms for the quards on both sides with a arched ceiling above. The passage leads to the outer court of the palace.

The Main Palace:
The main palace consists of a massive open court with halls and rooms on all the four sides and a beautiful tank in its middle. Beyond the arcade on the northern side at its centre projects an octagonal pavilion with arched opening overlooking was once what a beautiful garden, traces of which are still seen.

The Terrace:
On the terrace, there are two balconies from where one can have an enchanting view of the scenery. This palace is a majestic construction, consisting of halls and rooms with joined arch-shaped openings, surrounding a courtyard. In addition to the central courtyard, there is a building.

The North Courtyard:
In the middle of the north courtyard, there is a pond. The pond, filled with water, and the corridors with arch-shaped pillars creates a sparkling beauty for the palace. Arches that are supported by round slender pillars succeed in creating a place that is far superior to any other building of the same kind.

Sources:
http://www.ioc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~islamarc/WebPage1/htm_eng/mandu/baz2_e.htm
http://www.ioc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~islamarc/WebPage1/htm_eng/mandu/baz1_e.htm
http://www.collectbritain.co.uk/personalisation/object.cfm?uid=019PHO000430S21U00019000
http://www.india9.com/i9show/Baz-Bahadur-Palace-25277.htm

the evidence was found @ 6:03 PM

Wednesday, July 11, 2007

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Introduction

INTRODUCTION

Gupta Empire during 400AD

Picture of Chandragupta standing with Queen Kumardevi on a coin

(Coins were usually the best way to see an image, since they last for a very long time)

ABOUT THE TRAVELLER:

Chandragupta I (pronounced "chun-druh-GOOP-tuh") reigned in the period c. 319-335 A.D. He was Ghatokacha's, the first famous king of the Gupta Dynasty, son. In a breakthrough deal, Chandragupta was married to Kumaradevi, the Lichchhavi princess and the city of Patliputra was given to him in the dowry. Therefore, he became the ruler of Patliputra. There were even several coins that commemorated the marriage of Chandragupta to Kumardevi.

He gained enormous power and used it to his great advantage. Chandragupta set about expanding his power, conquering Magadha, Prayaga and Saketa. He established a realm stretching from the Ganga River to Prayaga by 320 A.D. , beginning with a series of military expansions and pushing the kingdom's boundaries westward. Chandragupta was also the first to be referred to as 'Maharajadhiraja' or 'King of Kings;' which was an extremely high and mighty title.

THE TRADING ROUTE:

The Silk Road, or Silk Route, is an connected series of ancient trade routes through different regions of the Asian continent, mainly connecting Chang'an in China, with Asia Minor and the Mediterranean. It stretches over 8,000 km on land and sea.

Trade on the Silk Route was a factor in the development of the civilizations of China, Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia, Indian subcontinent, and Rome, and helped to lay the foundations for the modern world.

The Nature of the Route

The description of this route to the west as the `Silk Road' is somewhat misleading.
Firstly, no single route was taken; crossing Central Asia several different branches developed, passing through different oasis settlements. The routes actually started from Changan, headed up the Gansu corridor, and reached Dunhuang on the edge of the Taklimakan.

The northern route then passed through Yumen Guan and crossed the neck of the Gobi desert to Hami , before following the Tianshan mountains of the Taklimakan. It passed through Turfan and Kuqa before arriving at Kashgar, at the Pamirs. The southern route stopped at Dunhuang, passing through the Yang Guan and skirting the southern edges of the desert, via Miran, Hetian and Shache (Yarkand), finally turning north again to meet the other route at Kashgar.

Many other routes were also used, but to a lesser extent.

Secondly, the Silk Road was not a trade route that existed because of the purpose of trading in silk; other goods were also traded, such as gold and ivory. However, of all the precious goods crossing this area, silk was the most remarkable for the people of the West.

In the opposite direction furs, ceramics, jade, bronze objects, lacquer and iron were carried. Many of these goods were bartered for others along the way. Objects also changed hands several times.

Map of the Silk Road

Sources: http://images.google.com.sg/imgresimgurl=http://www.designerhistory.com/historyofashion/images/gupta1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.designerhistory.com/historyofashion/gupta.html&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;h=250&w=186&sz=10&hl=en&start=7&tbnid=ffH2M-DWEmJ6dM:&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;tbnh=111&tbnw=83&prev=/images?q=chandragupta+I&gbv=2&svnum=10&hl=en
http://edhelper.com/ReadingComprehension_42_69.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandragupta_I
http://library.thinkquest.org/13406/sr/
http://www.ess.uci.edu/~oliver/silk.html

the evidence was found @ 6:59 AM

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